Practice Exam

E9B03

1. What is the front-to-side ratio of the antenna radiation pattern shown in Figure E9-1?

• A. 24 dB
• B. 14 dB
• C. 12 dB
• D. 18 dB

E9F10

2. What impedance does a 1/8-wavelength transmission line present to an RF generator when the line is shorted at the far end?

• A. An inductive reactance
• B. The same as the characteristic impedance of the line
• C. Zero
• D. A capacitive reactance

E6D10

3. What is a primary advantage of using a toroidal core instead of a solenoidal core in an inductor?

• A. Toroidal cores make it easier to couple the magnetic energy into other components
• B. Toroidal cores confine most of the magnetic field within the core material
• C. Toroidal cores have lower Q characteristics
• D. Toroidal cores exhibit greater hysteresis

E5D01

4. What is the result of conductor skin effect?

• A. Resistance decreases as temperature increases because of the change in thermal coefficient
• B. Resistance increases as frequency increases because RF current flows closer to the surface
• C. Resistance increases as temperature increases because of the change in thermal coefficient
• D. Resistance decreases as frequency increases because electron mobility increases

E3A06

5. What should be done to continue a long-distance contact when the MUF for that path decreases due to darkness?

• A. Change to an antenna with a higher takeoff angle
• B. Change to an antenna with greater beam width
• C. Switch to a lower frequency HF band
• D. Switch to a higher frequency HF band

E1E03

6. What is a Volunteer Examiner Coordinator?

• A. The person who has entered into an agreement with the FCC to be the VE session manager
• B. An organization paid by the volunteer examiner team to publicize and schedule examinations
• C. An organization that has entered into an agreement with the FCC to coordinate, prepare, and administer amateur operator license examinations
• D. A person who has volunteered to administer amateur operator license examinations

E4A11

7. Which of the following can be measured with an antenna analyzer?

• A. All these choices are correct
• B. Cable length
• C. Resonant frequency of a tuned circuit
• D. Velocity factor

E5A07

8. What is the magnitude of the current at the input of a parallel RLC circuit at resonance?

• A. Maximum
• B. Minimum
• C. R/L
• D. L/R

E2E07

9. How does Q65 differ from JT65?

• A. All these choices are correct
• B. Quadrature modulation is used
• C. Keyboard-to keyboard operation is supported
• D. Multiple receive cycles are averaged

E1B07

10. To what type of regulations does PRB-1 apply?

• A. Homeowners associations
• B. Use of wireless devices in vehicles
• C. State and local zoning
• D. FAA tower height limits

E7D09

11. How is battery operating time calculated?

• A. Average current divided by capacity in amp-hours
• B. Capacity in amp-hours divided by average current
• C. Internal resistance divided by average current
• D. Average current divided by internal resistance

E1F07

12. When may an amateur station send a message to a business?

• A. When the pecuniary interest of the amateur or his or her employer is less than $25
• B. At no time
• C. When neither the amateur nor their employer has a pecuniary interest in the communications
• D. When the pecuniary interest of the amateur or his or her employer is less than $50

E6C06

13. Why do CMOS digital integrated circuits have high immunity to noise on the input signal or power supply?

• A. The input switching threshold is about twice the power supply voltage
• B. The input switching threshold is about half the power supply voltage
• C. Bandwidth is very limited
• D. Large bypass capacitance is inherent

E1A06

14. What is the required transmit frequency of a CW signal for channelized 60 meter operation?

• A. At the lowest frequency of the channel
• B. At the center frequency of the channel
• C. On any frequency where the signal's sidebands are within the channel
• D. At the highest frequency of the channel

E9E03

15. What matching system uses a short length of transmission line connected in parallel with the feed line at or near the feed point?

• A. Delta match
• B. T-match
• C. Stub match
• D. Gamma match

E2C02

16. Which of the following file formats is used for exchanging amateur radio log data?

• A. ADIF
• B. ARLD
• C. OCF
• D. NEC

E9D06

17. What happens to SWR bandwidth when one or more loading coils are used to resonate an electrically short antenna?

• A. It is increased
• B. It is unchanged if the loading coil is located at the feed point
• C. It is unchanged if the loading coil is located at a voltage maximum point
• D. It is decreased

E6A03

18. Why does a PN-junction diode not conduct current when reverse biased?

• A. Only P-type semiconductor material can conduct current
• B. Holes in P-type material and electrons in the N-type material are separated by the applied voltage, widening the depletion region
• C. Excess holes in P-type material combine with the electrons in N-type material, converting the entire diode into an insulator
• D. Only N-type semiconductor material can conduct current

E5C09

19. When using rectangular coordinates to graph the impedance of a circuit, what do the axes represent?

• A. The X axis represents the phase angle, and the Y axis represents the magnitude
• B. The X axis represents the magnitude, and the Y axis represents the phase angle
• C. The X axis represents the reactive component, and the Y axis represents the resistive component
• D. The X axis represents the resistive component, and the Y axis represents the reactive component

E8D05

20. What is the most common method of reducing key clicks?

• A. Insert low-pass filters at the transmitter output
• B. Increase keying waveform rise and fall times
• C. Insert high-pass filters at the transmitter output
• D. Reduce keying waveform rise and fall times

E7A04

21. How many flip-flops are required to divide a signal frequency by 16?

• A. 16
• B. 6
• C. 8
• D. 4

E4B04

22. Which S parameter represents input port return loss or reflection coefficient (equivalent to VSWR)?

• A. S21
• B. S12
• C. S11
• D. S22

E8B06

23. What is the deviation ratio of an FM phone signal having a maximum frequency swing of plus or minus 7.5 kHz if the highest modulation frequency is 3.5 kHz?

• A. 47
• B. 0.214
• C. 2.14
• D. 0.47

E7G12

24. What is an operational amplifier?

• A. A high-gain, direct-coupled differential amplifier with very high input impedance and very low output impedance
• B. A RF amplifier used in the UHF and microwave regions
• C. A digital audio amplifier whose characteristics are determined by components external to the amplifier
• D. An amplifier used to increase the average output of frequency modulated amateur signals to the legal limit

E4E05

25. What is used to suppress radio frequency interference from a line-driven AC motor?

• A. A bypass capacitor in series with the motor's field winding
• B. A high-pass filter in series with the motor's power leads
• C. A brute-force AC-line filter in series with the motor's power leads
• D. A bypass choke in parallel with the motor's field winding

E2B04

26. How is color information sent in analog SSTV?

• A. Color is amplitude modulated on the frequency modulated intensity signal
• B. Color is sent in a color burst at the end of each line
• C. Color lines are sent sequentially
• D. Color information is sent on a 2.8 kHz subcarrier

E8A06

27. What is the approximate ratio of PEP-to-average power in an unprocessed single-sideband phone signal?

• A. 25 to 1
• B. 1 to 1
• C. 13 to 1
• D. 2.5 to 1

E6F08

28. Why are optoisolators often used in conjunction with solid-state circuits that control 120 VAC circuits?

• A. Optoisolators provide a low-impedance link between a control circuit and a power circuit
• B. Optoisolators provide impedance matching between the control circuit and power circuit
• C. Optoisolators eliminate the effects of reflected light in the control circuit
• D. Optoisolators provide an electrical isolation between a control circuit and the circuit being switched

E1C11

29. Which of the following operating arrangements allows an FCC-licensed US citizen to operate in many European countries, and amateurs from many European countries to operate in the US?

• A. IARP
• B. CEPT
• C. All these choices are correct
• D. ITU reciprocal license

E3C06

30. How does the VHF/UHF radio horizon compare to the geographic horizon?

• A. It is approximately 15 percent farther
• B. It is approximately 20 percent nearer
• C. They are approximately the same
• D. It is approximately 50 percent farther

E2D02

31. What information replaces signal-to-noise ratio when using the FT8 or FT4 modes in a VHF contest?

• A. Grid square
• B. Serial number
• C. RST report
• D. State abbreviation

E6E12

32. Why are DIP through-hole package ICs not typically used at UHF and higher frequencies?

• A. Epoxy coating is conductive above 300 MHz
• B. Unsuitable for combining analog and digital signals
• C. Excessive lead length
• D. Excessive dielectric loss

E2A08

33. Why should effective radiated power (ERP) be limited to a satellite that uses a linear transponder?

• A. To avoid reducing the downlink power to all other users
• B. To prevent the satellite from emitting out-of-band signals
• C. To prevent creating errors in the satellite telemetry
• D. To avoid interfering with terrestrial QSOs

E6B07

34. What causes a junction diode to fail from excessive current?

• A. Excessive junction temperature
• B. Insufficient forward voltage
• C. Charge carrier depletion
• D. Excessive inverse voltage

E4C11

35. Why does input attenuation reduce receiver overload on the lower frequency HF bands with little or no impact on signal-to-noise ratio?

• A. Atmospheric noise is generally greater than internally generated noise even after attenuation
• B. The attenuator has a noise filter to suppress interference
• C. Signals are attenuated separately from the noise
• D. The attenuator has a low-pass filter to increase the strength of lower frequency signals

E0A08

36. What does SAR measure?

• A. The rate at which RF energy is absorbed by the body
• B. The rate of RF energy reflected from stationary terrain
• C. Signal attenuation ratio
• D. Signal amplification rating

E9G03

37. Which of the following is often determined using a Smith chart?

• A. Impedance and SWR values in transmission lines
• B. Beam headings and radiation patterns
• C. Satellite azimuth and elevation bearings
• D. Point-to-point propagation reliability as a function of frequency

E7F03

38. What type of digital signal processing filter is used to generate an SSB signal?

• A. An adaptive filter
• B. A Hilbert-transform filter
• C. A notch filter
• D. An elliptical filter

E8C04

39. What technique minimizes the bandwidth of a PSK31 signal?

• A. Reed-Solomon character encoding
• B. Use of linear data pulses
• C. Use of sinusoidal data pulses
• D. Zero-sum character encoding

E7H09

40. What type of frequency synthesizer circuit uses a phase accumulator, lookup table, digital-to-analog converter, and a low-pass anti-alias filter?

• A. A hybrid synthesizer
• B. A phase-locked loop synthesizer
• C. A direct digital synthesizer
• D. A direct conversion synthesizer

E3B10

41. What is the effect of chordal-hop propagation?

• A. Signals travel faster along ionospheric chords
• B. Atmospheric noise is reduced in the direction of chordal-hop propagation
• C. The signal experiences less loss compared to multi-hop propagation, which uses Earth as a reflector
• D. The MUF for chordal-hop propagation is much lower than for normal skip propagation

E7E05

42. What is added to an FM speech channel to boost the higher audio frequencies?

• A. A de-emphasis network
• B. A heterodyne enhancer
• C. A pre-emphasis network
• D. A harmonic enhancer

E7C04

43. How does an impedance-matching circuit transform a complex impedance to a resistive impedance?

• A. Reactive currents are dissipated in matched resistances
• B. It introduces transconductance to cancel the reactive part of impedance
• C. It introduces negative resistance to cancel the resistive part of impedance
• D. It cancels the reactive part of the impedance and changes the resistive part to the desired value

E4D05

44. What transmitter frequencies would create an intermodulation-product signal in a receiver tuned to 146.70 MHz when a nearby station transmits on 146.52 MHz?

• A. 146.34 MHz and 146.61 MHz
• B. 146.10 MHz and 147.30 MHz
• C. 146.88 MHz and 146.34 MHz
• D. 146.30 MHz and 146.90 MHz

E9H04

45. What is the purpose of placing an electrostatic shield around a small-loop direction-finding antenna?

• A. It eliminates unbalanced capacitive coupling to the antenna's surroundings, improving the depth of its nulls
• B. It eliminates tracking errors caused by strong out-of-band signals
• C. It adds capacitive loading, increasing the bandwidth of the antenna
• D. It increases signal strength by providing a better match to the feed line

E9C08

46. What is a folded dipole antenna?

• A. A half-wave dipole with an additional parallel wire connecting its two ends
• B. A dipole configured to provide forward gain
• C. A dipole one-quarter wavelength long
• D. A center-fed dipole with the ends folded down 90 degrees at the midpoint of each side

E5B05

47. What is the effect on the magnitude of pure reactance when it is converted to susceptance?

• A. It is shifted by 90 degrees
• B. It is replaced by its reciprocal
• C. The sign is reversed
• D. It is unchanged

E1D02

48. Which of the following may transmit encrypted messages?

• A. Telecommand signals to terrestrial repeaters
• B. Mesh network backbone nodes
• C. Telecommand signals from a space telecommand station
• D. Auxiliary relay links carrying repeater audio

E9A12

49. How much gain does an antenna have compared to a half-wavelength dipole if it has 6 dB gain over an isotropic radiator?

• A. 2.79 dB
• B. 8.15 dB
• C. 3.85 dB
• D. 6.0 dB

E7B02

50. What is a Class D amplifier?

• A. An amplifier biased to be relatively free from distortion
• B. An amplifier that uses switching technology to achieve high efficiency
• C. An amplifier that uses drift-mode FETs for high efficiency
• D. A low power amplifier that uses a differential amplifier for improved linearity